Yarn is mainly used for weaving woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics and some non-woven fabrics. A few of these yarns are directly in the form of linear textiles , such as various kinds of sewing threads, pile threads, embroidery threads, string ropes and other miscellaneous threads. .
Yarn according to the type of raw materials:
One, pure spinning yarn
Pure-spun yarns consist of the same kind of fibers, such as cotton yarns, wool yarns, viscose yarns, acrylic yarns, polyester yarns, nylon yarns, and the like.
Second, blended (mixed fiber) yarn
Blended or cross-plied yarns are yarns composed of two or more fibers, such as polyester/cotton blended yarns, wool/polyester blended yarns, wool/nitrile blended yarns, polyester/viscose/nitrile blended yarns. , silk/cotton yarns, etc.
There are two or more kinds of short fiber yarns mixed and spun, known as blended yarns;
The yarn formed by combining two or more filament yarns (such as twisting) is called a mixed-filament yarn.
Its blending is as follows:
Xa=Wa/W*100% where Xa is the content of a component fiber
Wa is the weight of this component fiber
W is the weight of the blended yarn
According to the physical properties of the yarn and the use of characteristics can be divided
One, short fiber yarn
The short fiber yarn is a yarn made from various short fibers as a raw material through a spinning process.
Usually, the short fibers are firstly spun into single yarns through a short fiber spinning system, and then several single yarns are combined and twisted into strands. If several strands are further combined and twisted, they become reclaimed. Strands and strands are used on wool fabrics. Which of the single yarns, strands, and retanning strands is used in a fabric must be determined according to the design requirements and the characteristics of the fabric.
Second, continuous filament yarn (filament or silk)
1. Silk filament yarns are made from cocoon silk on silkworm cocoons. After the cocoon process, the continuous filaments obtained from the multiple bundling of cocoon filaments are called cocoon filament yarns because they contain sericin, which is commonly known as raw silk and factory yarn. After a number of filaments are combined and twisted, a silk thread is formed. Silk filament is an important raw material for the silk industry and is mainly used for the processing of various kinds of silk fabrics.
2. Chemical fiber filament yarns Chemical fiber filament yarns are bundled and formed into yarns at the same time as the fibers are formed. They do not need to be gathered into yarn by the short fiber spinning process as in the case of chemical staple fibers, and then they are woven into yarns. For all kinds of fabrics, compared with the former, the former has a high production efficiency, and although there are great differences in style between filament yarns and spun yarns made of the same kind of fibers.
The fiber-forming polymer passes through the spinneret to form a continuous filament. The number of filaments contained in the filament depends on the number of orifices on the spinneret. Single-hole filament yarn is ejected from a single orifice spinneret. (commonly known as glass fiber), that is, single hole silk, it can be used to weave fabrics with strong transparency. The filament yarn made of multi-hole spinneret is called multifilament filament yarn, or multifilament for short. After the multifilament filament yarns are twisted, they are formed by twisted filament yarns, which are then combined and twisted to form strands. Because the strands are composed of filaments, they are also known as filaments. Retanning silk thread.
Third, the strand
Yarns formed by aggregating two or more single yarns by means of a combination of twisting and twisting are called strands, or simply lines. If necessary, multiple strands can be again gathered into another yarn by means of combined twisting. Such yarns are called retanning strands. The single yarns used to form the strands may be either spun yarns or filament yarns; they may be of the same fiber material, they may be of different fiber materials, they may be the same as the spun yarns, or they may not be the same. .
Fourth, the combination of short fiber and filament yarn made of filament / staple fiber composite yarn
The composite yarn formed by the bundles of staple fibers and filament yarns is typically a core-spun yarn, which is generally composed of two different fibers. The formation of the coating may be a filament fiber coating on a short fiber yarn core. Short fibers may also be coated on the filament yarn core. The products produced by this yarn forming method have the characteristics of each component fiber and can obtain special appearance effects.
For example, a polyester/cotton core yarn is used to weave burnt fabrics. When the cotton fibers in the fabric (pattern portion) coated on the outer surface of the polyester filament yarn are acid-decomposed, only the polyester core yarn skeleton (polyester fiber) is left. In the acid solution, the performance is stable), so that a strong three-dimensional pattern can be formed on the surface of the fabric; for example, if an elastic filament is used as an inner core, the cotton fiber is wrapped around it, and the yarn is woven into such a yarn. The fabrics are both comfortable and flexible. With the improvement of spinning technology, the combination of short-fiber and long-filament fibers into a yarn has resulted in the formation of a parallel combination of filament yarns and short fibers, which can provide both filament yarns and spun yarns. Style characteristics, suitable for taking into account the respective advantages of different fibers and different aggregate forms.
Fifth, fancy yarn
The application of fancy yarns or decorative yarns is mainly for the purpose of decorative effects. It is usually the irregular twisting and blending of staple yarns or filament yarns to make the yarns obtain discontinuous, periodic patterns. . Fancy yarns are generally composed of core, decorative and bonded wires and require specialized processing equipment or special processes to make them.
The most common fancy yarns are:
(1) You County,
(2) spiral flower line,
(3) bamboo flower line,
(4) Terry flower line,
(5) knot line,
(6) chenille,
(7) diamond-shaped metal strands and so on.
Various types of fancy yarns can be used to form a variety of styles based on their raw material composition, appearance, feel, and thickness of yarns, and are widely used in apparel, decorative fabrics and hand-knotted lines.
Six, deformation yarn
The yarn made of common chemical fibers lacks bulkiness and covering properties, and it is difficult to achieve soft and elastic clothing requirements; but chemical fibers, especially synthetic fibers, have the characteristics of structural properties that can be adjusted and controlled. New style products, deformation yarn is. The processing principle is a kind of yarn with high degree of loftiness and elasticity made by utilizing plastic fiber deformation characteristics after being heated.
There are two forms of yarn formation:
One is the pursuit of bulky staple fiber yarn, referred to as bulked yarn. Its characteristics are volume bulk, soft feel, and a high degree of compression elasticity, such as acrylic expanded spun yarn;
The other type is chemical fiber filament yarn, which is mainly used for stretching elasticity, or elastic yarn for short, and it can have large elongation deformation and deformation recovery ability under the action of small load external force.
According to the elastic deformation capacity of elastic wire is divided into high elastic yarn and low elastic yarn, high elastic yarn is mainly made of nylon filament as raw material, stretching elastic large, covering performance is good, suitable for making tights, sweaters, pants and other supplies; low The elastic yarn is mainly made of polyester filament yarn, and a few of them are made of polypropylene, nylon and other synthetic fibers. It has a certain ability of telescopic deformation, but is far lower than that of high elastic yarn. It provides basically the appearance effect of ordinary filament yarn, but Soft touch, can be used as ordinary clothing. In addition, there are some textured yarns (such as air-textured yarn) made by other deformation processing methods. Most of them are used to imitate certain characteristics of natural fibers to make up for the appearance, texture, durability, etc. of ordinary synthetic fiber clothing. Inadequacies.
Seven other yarn
Some yarns that are used in industries, agriculture, military, etc., for the purpose of meeting special needs, such as cords (for tire linings), sewing threads, rubber threads, glass threads, film flat threads, various types of cords, etc. Wait.
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